• 
  

  Using iFile :

Go to /Applications in “root” / folder

Find “Terminal.app” in that folder and tap the blue arrow on the side of it to edit folder properties :

 

Now try to change the ownership and permission of the folder :

There you see the Owner = mobile. Now you have to change that to “root" (tap and choose “root” from the list. After that you have to change the Group to “admin” with the same step as in changing the owner.

If you have a different Access Permissions than the picture above, change it to be the same as in the picture. And this is the final result after you’ve modified  :

Tap done after you finished. Now if you’re lucky, you can now run MobileTerminal on your iOS device. If the above solution doesn’t work, i’ll update the post with the alternative using ssh through iFunBox.

Btw if you’re an iDevice user, you’ll need iFunBox to make your life easier. You can install applications using its sweet AppFastIn™ feature which lets you install an ipa package, even if your device is not jailbroken, but only if your apps is legal (if your device not jailbroken). You can retrieve your musics to your computer, ssh your phone, and many other great features.

Download it here : http://www.i-funbox.com/

In the Linux, you only need to install the plasmoid for kde, or install screenlets to be able to use the wallpaper which is a zip file with the extension of “wcz”. After you install the plasmoid, then you can directly change and point the wcz file in your desktop personalization.

For windows, you can use “cameleon clock” which has the feature of changing wallpaper clock similar to its other OS counterparts. You can also set the wallpaper clock to screensaver. But I’ve problem in getting the wallpaper changed in cameleon, it just doesn’t work. But I’ve successfully set it to my screensaver though…

For those of you who like to pimp your desktop, this is really an interesting feature you don’t want to missed out…

Almost forgot, you can download the cameleon clock trial here : "www.softshape.com”

Prior I used Live Mail, I sought another solutions for the offline mail organizer (other than outlook), and found nothing free but the LiveMail, with its feature that I think really really great is you could just drag any file, document, or picture to attach.

Ok, so it seems I’ve talked too much about that LiveMail, so maybe I’ll see if it’s worth downloading…

I’ll just try to post a map using LiveWriter, whether it would display properly or not..

My Campus

Introduction
Core unlocking of AMD chips has been a very hot topic of discussion. The possibility of spending a mere $100 dollars for a Phenom II X2/X3 chip and unlocking the disabled cores to yield a $200 dollar X4 chip is exactly like the goal of every overclocker around – spend the least amount of money possible and get the most bang for your buck. I have written this guide to consolidate the information surrounding core unlocking, and to answer any questions you guys might have.
Remember, core unlocking is NOT GUARANTEED. However, the aim of this guide is to help everyone increase their chances of successful unlocks.

Background
The current K10.5 design is an evolution of the older AMD Phenom Design (K10) which had 1 piece of silicon being made producing 4 Cores on this one die, and then disabling or lazer cutting (which has been done by GPU’s in the past) to make lower end chips because 1 or more of the cores did not function properly. Or their was more market demand for lesser variants of the same design. AMD’s “True Quad Core” was a large marketing effort by them to combat Intel’s approach which was to put 2 Dual Core dies together on one chip and bridge them together to make a Quad Core CPU.

Like all manufacturing processes, chip fabrication is no different. There are always parts which don’t make the quality cut. In the case of the Phenom II Quad cores, these parts may have defective cores or cache. Rather than throwing these defective Quad cores out, AMD decided to repackage these chips as Dual cores or Tri core processors or disable the cache and call them Athlon II. It was a win-win scenario for AMD. They would sell these processors at a cheaper price to recover costs and also minimize wasted time and production materials. As in business it’s always more costly to sit on excess stock or defective units than it is to either throw them away or repackage and sell them.

When the Phenom II X3 720BE was released, it was highly popular among mainstream enthusiasts. Like all BE processors, the 720BE had an unlocked multiplier, which made overclocking it an extremely simple process. Furthermore, it was priced competitively against Intel’s Core2Duo E6xxx series, but performance actually rivaled the E8xxx series. Why would you pay Intel for a Dual core when you can get a Tri core from AMD that had the same performance clock for clock but an easier time overclocking?

However, the surge in demand for 720BE processors started when a Korean overclocker first discovered that the “defective” core could be unlocked. He used a motherboard with a SB750 southbridge which supported Advanced Clock Calibration (ACC): the Biostar TA790GX. Soon after, others reported similar success in unlocking the 720BE. This phenomenon eventually extended to include X3 710 and X2 550BE processors as well.

Unoffically, AMD reported record sales of X3 processors, no doubt, in part due to fourth core unlocking. Many believe that the increasing rates of successful unlocks is due to AMD purposedly binning perfectly working X4s as X3s to sastify market demands. What does this mean for you? Your chances of getting an unlockable X3 chip just got better.

Quick overview of parts needed

* AMD Phenom II x3, Phenom II x4 (with a T at the end of their model number like the 960T), Athlon II (with a cacad stepping code), or AMD Phenom II x2

* Motherboard with:
o Advanced Clock Calibration (ACC; present on the SB710 & SB750 motherboard.)
o Core Unlocker, Turbo Unlocker (or any other name given to motherboards by the maker to replace ACC which isn’t present in the SB800 Series.)
o NVCC (Present on some nForce 7 series and all nForce 9 Series motherboard.)

* A little bit of luck (arguably the most important part.)

Choosing the right processor

Choose your CPU from the following models. Even if you don’t end up unlocking the 4th core by following this guide, you can’t go wrong because you still would have gotten the best bang for your buck. These chips are proven overclockers.

* AMD Phenom II x2
* AMD Athlon II x3
* AMD Athlon II x4
* AMD Phenom II x3
* AMD Phenom II x4 xxxT

If you insist on picking a particular stepping, you should check out what your stepping is. If you do not know how to figure out what stepping or revision you have, see this thread:
How to check the Revision or Stepping of your AMD CPU.

Choosing the right motherboard:

In general, make sure the motherboard has a SB710 or SB750 southbridge and ACC is supported before purchasing. However, there are exceptions, as some motherboard manufacturers have disabled ACC core unlocking features. Rumors were floating around that AMD discouraged theO unlocking of cores. Hopefully the following list will clarify which motherboards work and which ones don’t. Keep in mind that the BIOS revision plays an important role in unlocking. For example, with the Biostar TA790GX 128M motherboard, only 78DEA113 bios unlocks cores. The 78DEA525 bios DOES NOT UNLOCK ANYTHING.

Special Note about Asus Motherboards
UPDATE 22/8/09: Asus has released new bioses for their M4Axx line which addresses all previous unlocking problems. Make sure you update your bios to the most recent one before attempting to unlock.

The Motherboard List (Ongoing Work/currently out of date):
CONTRIBUTIONS WELCOME!! – If you see your mobo not on the list but you have successfully unlocked, post a screenshot of CPU-Z showing 4 cores and the mobo + bios revision like the sample below and I’ll add it to the list.
This list is NOT COMPLETE WHATSOEVER. If your motherboard is not on the list, don’t assume it won’t work. Give things a try with the directions below.
Click below to show/hide The Motherboard List

Asus *See Special Note Above*
M4N78 Pro – 1004 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks Henderson*
nForce 980a SLI
M4N82 Deluxe – 0906 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! Pending screenshot
*Thanks biaxident* 770G/SB710
785G/SB710
M4A785D-M PRO – 405 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks ptblank*
M4A785M – 0503 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! – *Thanks Bkobe7*
785G/SB750
M4A785TD-V EVO – 0410/0602 Official Bios – SUCCESS!!/SUCCESS!! – *Thanks Frefox1337 and DJLanceRock*
790X/SB750
M4A79XTD EVO – 0605/0704 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! – *Thanks Mr Sprinkles and Lancer33*
790FX/SB750
M3A79-T Deluxe – 0030 Mod Bios – SUCCESS!!
M4A79 Deluxe – 1602 Official Bios – SUCCESS!!
M4A79T Deluxe – 0079 Mod Bios/1801 Official Bios – SUCCESS!!/TRI-CORE SUCCESS!! *Thanks T1Cybernetic*
Crosshair III Formula – 0702 / 1003 – FAILURE / SUCCESS!! *Thanks Gz1*
770/SB710
M4A77TD PRO – 1007/0316 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! *Thanks flex0r and mymsll*
790GX/SB750
M3A78-T – 0023 Mod Bios – SUCCESS!!
M4A78-E – 1204/1803 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! *Thanks Tyr5*
M4A78-E SE – 0023 Mod Bios – SUCCESS!!
M4A78T-E – 1402 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! – SUCCESS #2!! *Thanks AMDRick*
890GX/SB850
M4A89GTD-PRO/USB3 – 0307 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks habib_his*

Asrock
780G/SB710
A780GMH/128M – 1.50 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks giveen*
785G/SB750
A785GMH/128M – 1.00 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks cokesodacan*
790GX/SB750
AOD790GX/128M – 1.40 Bios – SUCCESS!!
A790GMH/128M – 1.20 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks fortesquieu*
A790GXH/128M – 1.20 Bios – SUCCESS!!
A790GX/128M – ???

Biostar
For Biostar special bioses for core unlocking, visit this thread
For ALL Biostar bioses released + modded ones, visit here
785G/SB710
TA785G3 – ???
TA785GE 128m – 88GCO720CE Mod Bios – SUCCESS!!
790GX/SB750
TA790GXB3 – ???
TA790GXBE – ??? – SUCCESS!! *Thanks alg33k*
TA790GXE – Mod Bios available – ???
TA790GXE 128M – Mod Bios available – ???
TA790GX A3+ – 78DAA616 Mod bios – SUCCESS!!
TA790GXB A2 – Mod Bios available – ???
TA790GX 128M – 78DEA113 Official bios – SUCCESS!!
TA790GX3 A2+ – A78DA113 – SUCCESS!! *Thanks DesertRat*
TA790GX XE – Mod Bios available – ???
TA790GX A2+ – 78DBA113 Official bios – SUCCESS!!

DFI
790X/SB750
DK 790X-M2RS – ???
790FX/SB750
DK 790FXB-M3H5 – 04/02/2009 Bios – SUCCESS!!
DK 790FXB-M2RSH – 03/10/2009 Bios- SUCCESS!!
DK 790FXB-M2RS – 02/24/2009 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks eXe.Lilith*
790GX/SB750
DK 790GX-M2RS – ???
JR 790GX-M2RS – 10/30/2008 Bios – SUCCESS!!

ECS
Unfortunately, ECS has decided not to support unlocking in line of motherboards. LINK

Gigabyte
nForce 720D
GA-M720-US3 – F4 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks rnscotch*
760G/SB710
GA-MA78LM-S2 – F1 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks Zaishen*
770X/SB710
GA-770TA-UD3 – F1 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks cloud8521*
GA-MA770T-UD3P – F2c/F3 Bios – SUCCESS!!/SUCCESS!! *Thanks Miked270 and oxymorosis*
785G/SB710
GA-MA785GM-US2H – F5 bios SUCCESS!! *Thanks khoas07*
GA-MA785GMT-UD2H – F3/F5 Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! *Thanks KayCi and mR_sage*
785GX/SB750
GA-MA785G-UD3H – F1/F5b Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! *Thanks Nubster and Nburnes*
GA-MA785GT-UD3H – F4/F5a Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! – *Thanks kkoychev and lance4791*
GA-785GMT-USB3 – F1 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks 5monkey*
790X/SB750
GA-MA790X-DS4 – ????
GA-MA790X-UD3P – F4 Bios – SUCCESS!!
GA-MA790X-UD4 – F3 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks kromar*
GA-MA790X-UD4P – F5/F7/F9 Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!!
GA-MA790XT-UD4P – F4G/F5/F6/F7 Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!!SUCCESS!! *Thanks Broodman, Dramamine, and derekb*
*Thanks Deuces* / 790FX/SB750
GA-MA790FX-UD5P – F4c Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks PKV*
GA-MA790FXT-UD5P – F3b/F5 Bios – SUCCESS!! / SUCCESS!! *Thanks jbranton*
790GX/SB750
GA-MA790GP-DS4H – F3h Bios – SUCCESS!!
GA-MA790GP-UD3H – F1 Bios – SUCCESS!!
GA-MA790GP-UD4H – F3h Bios – SUCCESS!!
GA-MA790GPT-UD3H – F2 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks inimical*

MSI
For MSI special bioses for core unlocking, visit this thread.
770X/SB710
770-C35 – Special Bios – ???
770-C45 – 1.3 Offical Bios/1.3B2 Special Bios/10.2 – SUCCESS!!/SUCCESS!!/SUCCESS!! *Thanks Edgemeal and Chickenfoot*
785G/SB710
785GT-E63 – 28.0 08/13/2009 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks rolanista*
785GTM-E45 – 8.0 09/07/2009 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks tacoman*
785GM-E65 – 2.3 Official Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks /\/uLL*
790X/SB710
790XT-G45 – ???
790FX/SB750
790FX-GD70 – 1.5B1/1.5B2/1.5B3/1.7 Bios – SUCCESS!! – (Solves previous 1.4 bios lockup problems, but 1.5B2 and 1.5B3 has HT link stuck at 8x and 10x multiplier respectively. See thread for details.)/ SUCCESS!! *Thanks Kryton*
790GX/SB750
790GX-G65 – 1.4B2 Special Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks mr.05′rsx*
DKA790GX – 1.8 Bios for Platinum version of mobo – SUCCESS!! *Thanks NeoAnderson*
DKA790GX Platinum – 1.9b2 Bios – SUCCESS!! *Thanks Rosaki*
KA790GX – FAILURE
KA790GX-M – FAILURE
Special note about KA790GX/KA790GX-M motherboards: Even though these two motherboards have a SB750, the traces to activate ACC are not soldered on the PCB. As a result, they WILL NOT unlock anything.

The Unlocking Process
In terms of unlocking your “defective” cores, the process is actually very simple.

1. Enter BIOS.
2. Set Automatic Clock Calibration (ACC) or Nvidia Core Calibration (NCC) to AUTO.
CRUCIAL step for Asus and Gigabyte owners : Enable “Unleashing” or change “EC Firmware” mode to “Hybrid”
3. Reboot.

If it was successful, your processor should have a new name; ending in either x3, x4, or x6. Though naming is not always consistent on some boards. Congratulations, because you probably just unlocked your processor.

Once you are in Windows, or any other OS that you use, you should begin stability testing for your unlocked processor. I highly suggest the use of Prime95 “Blend Test” for 24 hours to ensure stability before overclocking.

I see X4, but I only have 2 cores!?!?
Some users have been reported seeing the “X4″ designation, but no unlocked cores when verifying through CPU-Z. Please ensure that you have set Windows to use all 4 cores by going to “msconfig –> Boot –> Advanced Options –> Number of Processors.” If you still don’t see unlocked cores, then most likely that your disabled cores are defective.

HELP!! My computer can’t POST!!
If your computer didn’t POST, don’t despair. Here’s a list of things you should verify and try, one after the other.

1. Do you have the proper BIOS version installed?
*For those with Asus motherboards, please update your bios to the latest version. It fixes significant problems encountered with unlocking.*
2. Is ACC or NCC enabled? For Asus/Gigabyte motherboards, how about “Unleashing” and “EC Firmware”?
3. Did you incrementally increase Vcore from 1.325 to 1.4v?
4. Did you incrementally increase Vcpu-nb from 1.2 to 1.35v after trying to increase Vcore?

The voltage boosts may be needed when making the fourth core stable enough to boot into windows.

If your computer still doesn’t POST, then most likely your disabled cores are defective. In general, the unlocking process is really that simple. There are no hidden options or tricks.

Unlocking disabled cores should be seen as a bonus, and not a feature.

An unlocked AMD X3 720BE to X4 using an Asus M4A78-E with 1204 BIOS. Vcore = 1.35v. Vcpu-nb = 1.25v. CPU-Z Validation.

Consequences of Unlocking
While some of you will be lucky enough to see the “X4″ designation during POST, not all of you will be able to boot into Windows. A simple Vcore/Vcpu-nb boost may help stabilize the unlocked cores, but ultimately the cpu may remain unstable and crash later on. Unfortunately, your disabled cores are most likely defective.

For those who can unlock and pass any stability test you can throw at the computer, congratulations. However, you may have already noticed that you can no longer monitor your cpu core temperatures. Fortunately, most motherboards have a cpu temperature sensor located in the cpu socket area. It is up to you to find out how closely this temperature reading relates to the actual cpu core temperatures.

To do so, revert back to a locked X2/X3 state and download HWMonitor. Depending on your motherboard, the cpu socket temperature sensor can be TMPIN0, TMPIN1, or TMPIN2. Next, observe how closely TMPIN0 or TMPIN1 or TMPIN2 relates to core temperatures at 100% load. This will tell you your approximate temperatures when unlocked. You can use this reading as a rough estimate of your core temperatures.

You may also notice that your computer runs hotter after unlocking. This is perfectly normal, as you’ve got an extra core or two generating heat. As a result, for those who plan on unlocking, get the best cooler you can possibly afford. I would suggest looking at the Air Cooling Guide – Questions Answered Here
This way you can have help choosing the best setup for your budget & your system.

Conclusion
Good luck with Phenom II core unlocking. The take-home point however, is the following:
Not all CPU’s will unlock. And sometimes not all CPU’s will unlock on all boards. This is all subjective just like overclocking. And it’s not a feature of the CPU but a bonus from either being lucky or doing your research.
I will continue to make changes and edit this thread as needed. I hope to generate a full list of supported motherboards in the end.

*Source : http://www.overclock.net/amd-cpus/535501-official-amd-k10-5-core-cache.html

From coffee to cheques and the three-course meal, the Muslim world has given us many innovations that we take for granted in daily life. As a new exhibition opens, Paul Vallely nominates 20 of the most influential and identifies the men of genius behind them
Published: 11 March 2006

The story goes that an Arab named Khalid was tending his goats in the Kaffa region of southern Ethiopia, when he noticed his animals became livelier after eating a certain berry. He boiled the berries to make the first coffee. Certainly the first record of the drink is of beans exported from Ethiopia to Yemen where Sufis drank it to stay awake all night to pray on special occasions. By the late 15th century it had arrived in Mecca and Turkey from where it made its way to Venice in 1645. It was brought to England in 1650 by a Turk named Pasqua Rosee who opened the first coffee-house in Lombard Street in the City of London. The Arabic qahwa became the Turkish kahve then the Italian caffé and then English coffee.
The ancient Greeks thought our eyes emitted rays, like a laser, which enabled us to see. The first person to realise that light enters the eye, rather than leaving it, was the 10th-century Muslim mathematician, astronomer and physicist Ibn al-Haitham. He invented the first pin-hole camera after noticing the way light came through a hole in window shutters. The smaller the hole, the better the picture, he worked out, and set up the first Camera Obscura (from the Arab word qamara for a dark or private room). He is also credited with being the first man to shift physics from a philosophical activity to an experimental one.
A form of chess was played in ancient India but the game was developed into the form we know it today in Persia. From there it spread westward to Europe – where it was introduced by the Moors in Spain in the 10th century – and eastward as far as Japan. The word rook comes from the Persian rukh, which means chariot.
A thousand years before the Wright brothers a Muslim poet, astronomer, musician and engineer named Abbas ibn Firnas made several attempts to construct a flying machine. In 852 he jumped from the minaret of the Grand Mosque in Cordoba using a loose cloak stiffened with wooden struts. He hoped to glide like a bird. He didn’t. But the cloak slowed his fall, creating what is thought to be the first parachute, and leaving him with only minor injuries. In 875, aged 70, having perfected a machine of silk and eagles’ feathers he tried again, jumping from a mountain. He flew to a significant height and stayed aloft for ten minutes but crashed on landing – concluding, correctly, that it was because he had not given his device a tail so it would stall on landing. Baghdad international airport and a crater on the Moon are named after him.
Washing and bathing are religious requirements for Muslims, which is perhaps why they perfected the recipe for soap which we still use today. The ancient Egyptians had soap of a kind, as did the Romans who used it more as a pomade. But it was the Arabs who combined vegetable oils with sodium hydroxide and aromatics such as thyme oil. One of the Crusaders’ most striking characteristics, to Arab nostrils, was that they did not wash. Shampoo was introduced to England by a Muslim who opened Mahomed’s Indian Vapour Baths on Brighton seafront in 1759 and was appointed Shampooing Surgeon to Kings George IV and William IV.
Distillation, the means of separating liquids through differences in their boiling points, was invented around the year 800 by Islam’s foremost scientist, Jabir ibn Hayyan, who transformed alchemy into chemistry, inventing many of the basic processes and apparatus still in use today – liquefaction, crystallisation, distillation, purification, oxidation, evaporation and filtration. As well as discovering sulphuric and nitric acid, he invented the alembic still, giving the world intense rosewater and other perfumes and alcoholic spirits (although drinking them is haram, or forbidden, in Islam). Ibn Hayyan emphasised systematic experimentation and was the founder of modern chemistry.
The crank-shaft is a device which translates rotary into linear motion and is central to much of the machinery in the modern world, not least the internal combustion engine. One of the most important mechanical inventions in the history of humankind, it was created by an ingenious Muslim engineer called al-Jazari to raise water for irrigation. His 1206 Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices shows he also invented or refined the use of valves and pistons, devised some of the first mechanical clocks driven by water and weights, and was the father of robotics. Among his 50 other inventions was the combination lock.
Quilting is a method of sewing or tying two layers of cloth with a layer of insulating material in between. It is not clear whether it was invented in the Muslim world or whether it was imported there from India or China. But it certainly came to the West via the Crusaders. They saw it used by Saracen warriors, who wore straw-filled quilted canvas shirts instead of armour. As well as a form of protection, it proved an effective guard against the chafing of the Crusaders’ metal armour and was an effective form of insulation – so much so that it became a cottage industry back home in colder climates such as Britain and Holland.
The pointed arch so characteristic of Europe’s Gothic cathedrals was an invention borrowed from Islamic architecture. It was much stronger than the rounded arch used by the Romans and Normans, thus allowing the building of bigger, higher, more complex and grander buildings. Other borrowings from Muslim genius included ribbed vaulting, rose windows and dome-building techniques. Europe’s castles were also adapted to copy the Islamic world’s – with arrow slits, battlements, a barbican and parapets. Square towers and keeps gave way to more easily defended round ones. Henry V’s castle architect was a Muslim.
Many modern surgical instruments are of exactly the same design as those devised in the 10th century by a Muslim surgeon called al-Zahrawi. His scalpels, bone saws, forceps, fine scissors for eye surgery and many of the 200 instruments he devised are recognisable to a modern surgeon. It was he who discovered that catgut used for internal stitches dissolves away naturally (a discovery he made when his monkey ate his lute strings) and that it can be also used to make medicine capsules. In the 13th century, another Muslim medic named Ibn Nafis described the circulation of the blood, 300 years before William Harvey discovered it. Muslims doctors also invented anaesthetics of opium and alcohol mixes and developed hollow needles to suck cataracts from eyes in a technique still used today.
The windmill was invented in 634 for a Persian caliph and was used to grind corn and draw up water for irrigation. In the vast deserts of Arabia, when the seasonal streams ran dry, the only source of power was the wind which blew steadily from one direction for months. Mills had six or 12 sails covered in fabric or palm leaves. It was 500 years before the first windmill was seen in Europe.
The technique of inoculation was not invented by Jenner and Pasteur but was devised in the Muslim world and brought to Europe from Turkey by the wife of the English ambassador to Istanbul in 1724. Children in Turkey were vaccinated with cowpox to fight the deadly smallpox at least 50 years before the West discovered it.
The fountain pen was invented for the Sultan of Egypt in 953 after he demanded a pen which would not stain his hands or clothes. It held ink in a reservoir and, as with modern pens, fed ink to the nib by a combination of gravity and capillary action.
The system of numbering in use all round the world is probably Indian in origin but the style of the numerals is Arabic and first appears in print in the work of the Muslim mathematicians al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi around 825. Algebra was named after al-Khwarizmi’s book, Al-Jabr wa-al-Muqabilah, much of whose contents are still in use. The work of Muslim maths scholars was imported into Europe 300 years later by the Italian mathematician Fibonacci. Algorithms and much of the theory of trigonometry came from the Muslim world. And Al-Kindi’s discovery of frequency analysis rendered all the codes of the ancient world soluble and created the basis of modern cryptology.
Ali ibn Nafi, known by his nickname of Ziryab (Blackbird) came from Iraq to Cordoba in the 9th century and brought with him the concept of the three-course meal – soup, followed by fish or meat, then fruit and nuts. He also introduced crystal glasses (which had been invented after experiments with rock crystal by Abbas ibn Firnas – see No 4).
Carpets were regarded as part of Paradise by medieval Muslims, thanks to their advanced weaving techniques, new tinctures from Islamic chemistry and highly developed sense of pattern and arabesque which were the basis of Islam’s non-representational art. In contrast, Europe’s floors were distinctly earthly, not to say earthy, until Arabian and Persian carpets were introduced. In England, as Erasmus recorded, floors were “covered in rushes, occasionally renewed, but so imperfectly that the bottom layer is left undisturbed, sometimes for 20 years, harbouring expectoration, vomiting, the leakage of dogs and men, ale droppings, scraps of fish, and other abominations not fit to be mentioned”. Carpets, unsurprisingly, caught on quickly.
The modern cheque comes from the Arabic saqq, a written vow to pay for goods when they were delivered, to avoid money having to be transported across dangerous terrain. In the 9th century, a Muslim businessman could cash a cheque in China drawn on his bank in Baghdad.
By the 9th century, many Muslim scholars took it for granted that the Earth was a sphere. The proof, said astronomer Ibn Hazm, “is that the Sun is always vertical to a particular spot on Earth”. It was 500 years before that realisation dawned on Galileo. The calculations of Muslim astronomers were so accurate that in the 9th century they reckoned the Earth’s circumference to be 40,253.4km – less than 200km out. The scholar al-Idrisi took a globe depicting the world to the court of King Roger of Sicily in 1139.
Though the Chinese invented saltpetre gunpowder, and used it in their fireworks, it was the Arabs who worked out that it could be purified using potassium nitrate for military use. Muslim incendiary devices terrified the Crusaders. By the 15th century they had invented both a rocket, which they called a “self-moving and combusting egg”, and a torpedo – a self-propelled pear-shaped bomb with a spear at the front which impaled itself in enemy ships and then blew up.
Medieval Europe had kitchen and herb gardens, but it was the Arabs who developed the idea of the garden as a place of beauty and meditation. The first royal pleasure gardens in Europe were opened in 11th-century Muslim Spain. Flowers which originated in Muslim gardens include the carnation and the tulip.

ref: http://www.1001inventions.com/

I do have a lot of interests in this information, where the Islamic inventors’ merits to the world, to science and & education, or even to religion philosophy.

Le Million Piece Unique is the most expensive phone in the world. This phone manufactured by the GoldVish Luxury Communications (Switzerland), and has been recorded in the Guinness World Records. Its price is about 1million euro. What makes this phone worth for the price (I’d still think it’s not worth for what could buy you a new luxury car) is that it’s been embedded with jewels. As you can see from these pictures :

sumber: http://www.blogotainmen.com/handphone-termahal-di-dunia/

Portugis telah datang ke daerah ini sejak Sunda Kalapa berada di bawah kekuasaan Pajajaran (Hindu) yang berpusat di Pakuan (Bogor). Kala itu, Sunda Kalapa begitu terkenal. Berbagai komoditi dari seluruh kerajaan dikumpulkan di Bandar Sunda Kalapa.

Tom Pires, seorang petualang, ketika itu menyebutkan, dalam perdagangan dipergunakan mata uang (logam) yaitu cash dari Cina. Uang-uang tersebut dilubangi di tengahnya seperti caiti, sehingga dapat diikat dengan benang dalam jumlah ratusan.

Naskah Sang Hyang Siksakandang Karesian menyebutkan ada lapisan masyarakat yang terdiri dari berbagai kelompok ekonomi, rohani dan cendekiawan, alat negara, dan seniman. Dalam naskah itu disebutkan ada 10 kebaktian. Yakni anak bakti pada bapak, istri bakti pada suami, rakyat kepada pacandaan (majikan), murid bakti pada guru, petani bakti kepada wado (pejabat rendahan), pejabat rendahan bakti kepada mantri, mantri bakti kepada mangkubumi, mangkubumi bakti kepada raja, raja bakti pada dewata, dan dewata bakti pada Hyang.

***
Kerajaan Pajajaran berakhir bersamaan ketika Fatahillah mengusir Portugis dari Teluk Jakarta. Setelah masa Jayakarta (1527-1609), VOC berkuasa di Batavia. Sampai abad ke-19 pusat kota ada di Pasar Ikan, Jakarta Utara.

Kediaman Rainier de Klerk (dibangun 1760), terletak hanya sekitar 200 meter dari pusat perdagangan dan perbelanjaan Glodok, ketika itu. Sedangkan Gedung Arsip Nasional terletak jauh di luar kota. Demikian pula dengan Gereja Portugis di depan stasion kota terletak di luar kota Batavia.

Kala itu para pembesar Belanda membangun rumah-rumah besar untuk menikmati akhir minggu di vila-vila besar di sekitar Harmoni dan Jalan Pangeran Jayakarta. Sementara, para pejabat berlomba-lomba membeli tanah di ommenlanden (jauh dari pusat pemerintahan).

Cornelis Chastelin, saat itu, memiliki ribuan hektar tanah dari Tanjung Barat, sampai Srengseng Sawah dan Depok. Masih belasan lagi petinggi VOC yang memiliki tanah bejibun di luar pusat pemerintyahan.

***
Sejak masa gubernur jenderal Daendels (1808-1811) untuk keperluan pertanahan dia melelang tanah-tenah dan berlangsung terus pada para penggantinya. Tanah-tenah itu kemudian dijual lagi pada tuan tanah yang menyewakannya kepada para petani penggarap. Di dalam sebuah kerajaan raja dianggap sebagai pemilik tanah dan petani yang menggarapnya sebagai hamba yang harus menuruti perintah raja.

Para tuan tanah itu melakukan kekerasan apabila perintahnya tidak ditaati. Mereka menggunaan polisi dari satuan VOC, mandor dan centeng-centeng untuk menyiksa rakyat yang tak berdaya. Karena itu, para petani banyak melakukan perlawanan.

Cerita-cerita tentang jagoan Betawi yang populer seperti Si Pitung, Si Jampang Jago Betawi, Nyai Dasima, Tuan Tanah Kedaung, Macan Kemayoran, dan Si Ayub dari Teluk Naga, sudah dikenal melalui lenong, bahkan sudah dilayarlebarkan.

Mereka adalah para jawara Betawi atau pahlawan rakyat yang berhasil membasmi tuan-tuan tanah dan kaki tangannya. Cerita-cerita Betawi itu mengandung apa yang disebut ‘tema abadi’, yakni cerita-cerita yang mengandung ajaran bahwa betapapun yang jahat itu pasti akan dikalahkan atau dihancurkan oleh yang benar.

Menurut budayawan Betawi, Ridwan Saidi, para jawara atau jagoan Betawi mempunyai kesejarahan panjang. Bahkan, lebih tua dari ulama sendiri, yakni sejak abad ke-2 Masehi dengan tokoh Aki Tiurem. Nama-nama jagoan seperti Bang Puase, Pitung, Haji Ung, Ja’man, H Entong Gendot, Mad Djaelani, Mat Item, Imam Syafi’ie, Ahmad Benyamin alias Mad Bentot, Bir Ali dan Asenie adalah jagoan-jagoan yang memiliki kenangan tersendiri bagi masyarakat Betrawi.

***
Pada masa VOC banyak lahir para jawara yang ahli main silat atau giksaw. Untuk itu, bagi masyarakat Betawi mempelajari ilmu silat adalah suatu kamustian. Seperti halnya rakyat Jawa mengharapkan kedatangan Ratu Adil, demikianlah rakyat Betawi mengharapkan datangnya seorang jawara. Mereka yakin jawara atau jagoan yang akan melepaskan mereka dari kaum penindas yang sewenang-wenang.

Tidak sedikit para jagoan Betawi yang dengan gagah berani menghadapi VOC. Seperti si Pitung, jagoan Betawi kelahiran Rawabelong. Di kawasan Rawabelong inilah pada akhir abad ke-19, si Pitung, anak seorang petani pasangan Piun dan Pinah, membuat Kompeni di Betawi tidak pernah tenang.

Pitung dan kawan-kawannya menyatakan perang terhadap kompeni dan dendam yang telah ia wariskan sejak kecil. Belajar silat pada seorang guru silat terkenal di Rawabelong, H Naipin, dia berhasrat ingin menolong rakyat dari penindasan.

Kompeni terpaksa memutar otak untuk menaklukkan Pitung. Tidak tanggung-tanggung, Schout (kepala Polres) Heyne sendiri yang memimpin pasukan untuk menangkap Pitung. Konon, hanya dengan peluru emas, Pitung baru berhasil dirubuhkan dalam suatu penggrebekan.

(By Alwi Shahab)

Penjajah Jepang, dalam upaya menarik dukungan masyarakat Indonesia, telah mendekati para alim ulama yang punya karisma besar di tengah masyarakat. Setiap pagi, saat munculnya matahari, rakyat diharuskan membungkuk menghadap matahari. Tenno Heika, kaisar Jepang kala itu dan kaisar-kaisar sebelumnya oleh rakyatnya dianggap putra dewa matahari.

Ketika itu, para ulama dan tokoh pejuang menolak keharusan ini karena dianggap sebagai perbuatan musyrik. Akhirnya, kebiasaan ini dihentikan. Majelis Taklim Kwitang, didirikan Habib Ali sekitar satu abad lalu dan sampai kini tetap dikunjungi masyarakat se-Jabodetabek. Habib Ali meninggal dunia pada September 1968 dalam usia 102 tahun. Lahir 20 April 1870, di masa pendudukan Jepang, usianya sekitar 70-an tahun. Ia dimakamkan di samping Masjid Al-Riyadh Kwitang yang dibangunnya.

Sebelumnya, dia membangun sebuah musala kecil. Dia juga membangun madrasah modern Unwanul Falah dengan sistem kelas pada 1918. Untuk pertama kali, ketika itu madrasah ini juga terbuka untuk murid-murid perempuan. Meskipun, tempatnya terpisah dan berseberangan dengan madrasah pria.

Ayahnya Habib Abdurahman Alhabsyi, kelahiran Semarang, dimakamkan di Cikini berdekatan dengan Taman Ismail Marzuki (TIM) yang ketika itu merupakan kediaman misannya, Raden Saleh. Kini, Majelis Taklim Kwitang dipimpin oleh cucunya, Habib Abdurahman (67), menggantikan ayahnya, Habib Muhammad, yang meninggal pada 1993.

Menurut Habib Abdurahman, Majelis Taklim Kwitang tiap Ahad pagi dihadiri sekitar 20 ribu sampai 30 ribu kaum Muslimin dan Muslimat. Di sekitarnya terdapat ratusan pedagang yang tiap Ahad, mulai pukul 07.00 WIB sampai pukul 10.00 WIB, menggelar dagangan. Akibatnya, daerah sekitar tempat majelis taklim tertutup untuk umum.

So the topic now is about the connection problems in the kubuntu. A few days ago i want to connect to my University wireless through my ‘Jaunty’, but then i realize that in the connection settings window, there are no PEAP/TKIP encryption method as my university requires that type of security. So then i sought for a solution in Internet, but it took me more than a night to eventually find it, although at first it won’t work.

So here’s the step :

Step 1.

Try to install a wicd (wireless and wired connection daemon). The idea is that you replace your current Network-Manager with the wicd to support the encryption you wanted. It can be done by using aptitude or synaptics. Type #sudo apt-get install wicd .
Choose yes if there’s a confirmation to remove/replace the NetworkManager.

Step 2.

Make sure that the wicd is running and that can be seen in the system tray. Try to open the window by clicking the icon; there will be a list of available connections. Click the name of the connection you want and choose the advanced setting. There you can make the type of encryption/authentication method.

If you want to made a WPA/WPA2 without a certificate, then you have to make an adjustment in /etc/wicd/encryption/templates/*the type you want*. For an example I want to connect to PEAP-TKIP connection without certificate, then I need to edit the file ‘peap-tkip’. Type #sudo kate /etc/wicd/encryption/templates/peap-tkip. Delete the ca_cert *Path_to_CA_cert, it’s next to *Password; and also delete the ca_cert=”$_CA_CERT”. So it will become like this :

name = PEAP with TKIP
author = Fralaltro
version = 1
require identity *Identity password *Password
-----
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
network={
 ssid="$_ESSID"
 scan_ssid=$_SCAN
 proto=WPA
 key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
 pairwise=TKIP
 group=TKIP
 eap=PEAP
 identity="$_IDENTITY"
 password="$_PASSWORD"

 phase1="peaplabel=0"
 phase2="auth=EAP Token"
}

Note : In the phase2=”auth=EAP Token”, is actually not the default one, I think the default one is MSVCHAP2, but it doesn’t matter as you can change it to your needs. Happy surfing……..

Credit : kubuntuforum.com , I forget the full address as I got it from many sources and the history has been deleted.

I got this tutor from many sources, i forgot, it’s not that i don’t want to give ‘em credit, but also knowing that this is just for knowledge purpose so i hope it’d help. But for windows, i put a credit for the authors.

Change MAC address in Ubuntu :

- Easy way

First, you need to download a macchanger if you don’t have it. You can download it using

~$ sudo apt-get install macchanger

. There are several commands in macchanger, but what is used mostly is

~$ sudo macchanger -m xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx <interface>

Interface could be wireless or Ethernet, mostly eth0 or wlan0 and you must omit the brackets. The xx is the number for new MAC address.
- Manual

This can be done using text editor, such as gedit, nano, scite or other applications. To change it type this command :

~$ sudo text_editor_you_want /etc/network/interfaces

Well, I’m going to out of topic for a second in this section. Because I think it’s worth it to solve some bugs. What I mean were those whose computer having slow booting in Ubuntu. Slow booting might be caused by many problems, but if you encountered that your network-manager in tray-icon won’t shows up at start up, then maybe it’ll help.

After you type the above command, then mostly the output would be like this :

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto pan0
iface pan0 inet dhcp
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

If you see at the bootchart, as for those who’s having problem at the slow booting, there would be a merely long initializations at networking. It will assign an automatic DHCP that’d augment more seconds at booting time. You can deactivate this by adding ‘#’ character at the beginning of line after the first line, like this :

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

#auto pan0

#iface pan0 inet dhcp

#auto wlan0

#iface wlan0 inet dhcp

#iface eth0 inet dhcp

#auto eth0

Back to topic. If you decide to continue to change your MAC, add the following code at the next line of the interfaces you desired.

hwaddress ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx

Note the xx is MAC address format. Example :

auto eth0
hwaddress ether 00:16:a2:a3:45:bc

Save the file, then restart networking by using init.d :

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

Change MAC address in windows :

Credit:
Kyle Lai, CISSP, CISA
KLC Consulting, Inc.
www.klcconsulting.net
Artical URL: HYPERLINK “http://www.klcconsulting.net/change_mac_w2k.htm“

I’m running on HP laptop with Intel Corporation PRO/100 VE Network Connection, and it has this method #1 configuration. (This next article is copied from http://www.klcconsulting.net/change_mac_w2k.htm , please tell me if this violates the law).

Method 1:

This is depending on the type of Network Interface Card (NIC) you have. If you have a card that doesn’t support Clone MAC address, then you have to go to second method.

1. 1. Go to Start->Settings->Control Panel and double click on Network and Dial-up Connections.

   2. Right click on the NIC you want to change the MAC address and click on properties.

   3. Under “General” tab, click on the “Configure” button

   4. Click on “Advanced” tab

   5. Under “Property section”, you should see an item called “Network Address” or “Locally Administered Address”, click on it.

   6. On the right side, under “Value”, type in the New MAC address you want to assign to your NIC. Usually this value is entered without the “-“ between the MAC address numbers.

   7. Goto command prompt and type in “ipconfig /all” or “net config rdr” to verify the changes. If the changes are not materialized, then use the second method.

   8. If successful, reboot your systems.

Method 2:

This method requires some knowledge on the Windows Registry. If you are not familiar with Windows Registry, just use the SMAC tool to change the MAC addresses, or consult with a technical person before you attempt on the following steps. Also, make sure you have a good backup of your registry.

a. Goto command prompt and type “ipconfig /all”, and

I. Record the Description for the NIC you want to change.

II. Record the Physical Address for the NIC you want to change.  Physical Address is the MAC Address

figure 1.

b. Goto command prompt and type “net config rdr”, and you should see something like

figure 2.

c. Remember the number between the long number (GUID) inside the { }. For example, in the above “net config rdr” output, for MAC address “00C095ECB793,” you should remember {1C9324AD-ADB7-4920-B02D-AB281838637A}. You can copy and paste it to the Notepad, that’s probably the easiest way.  (See figure 2.)

d. Go to Start -> Run, type “regedt32” to start registry editor. Do not use “Regedit.”

e. Do a BACKUP of your registry in case you screw up the following steps. To do this

I. Click on “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE on Local Machine” sub-window

II. Click on the root key “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE”.

III. Click on the drop-down menu “Registry -> Save Subtree As” and save the backup registry in to a file. Keep this file in a safe place.

f. Go to “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}.  Double click on it to expand the tree. The subkeys are 4-digit numbers, which represent particular network adapters.  You should see it starts with 0000, then 0001, 0002, 0003 and so on.  (See figure 3.)

Figure 3.

g.  Go through each subkey that starts with 0000.  Click on 0000, check DriverDesc keyword on the right to see if that’s the NIC you want to change the MAC address.  The DriveDesc should match the Description you recorded from step (a.-I.).  If you are not 100% sure about the DriverDesc, then you can verify by checking if the NetCfgInstanceID keyword value matches the GUID from step (c).
If there is no match, then move on to 0001, 0002, 0003, and so on, until you find the one you want.  Usually 0000 contains the first NIC you installed on the computer.
In this demonstration, 0000 is the NIC I selected. (See figure 3.)

h.  Once you selected the subkey (i.e. 0000), check if there is a keyword “NetworkAddress” exist in the right side of the window. (See figure 3.)

I. If “NetworkAddress” keyword does not exist, then create this new keyword:

i. Click on the drop down menu “Edit -> Add Value”.

ii.  In the Add Value window, enter the following value then click OK.  (See figure 4.)
Value Name: = NetworkAddress
Data Type: = REG_SZ

Figure 4.

iii.  String Editor window will pop up at this time (see figure 5.)

iv.  Enter the new MAC address you want to modify.  Then click OK.
(There should not be any “-” in this address.  Your entry should only consist of 12 digits as seen in the figure 5.)

II. If “NetworkAddress” keyword exists, make sure it shows the keyword type is REG_SZ, and it should show as NetworkAddress:REG_SZ: .  This keyword might not have a value at this time.

i. Double click on the keyword NetworkAddress and the String Editor window will pop up. (See Figure 5.)

ii.  Enter the new MAC address you want to modify.  Then click OK.
(There should not be any “-” in this address.  Your entry should only consist of 12 digits as seen in the figure 5.)

Figure 5.

j. There are 2 ways to make the new MAC address active.  Method I does not require a system reboot:

I.  Goto Start->Setting->Control Panel, and double click on “Network Neighborhood”.
WARNING: Make sure you understand that you WILL lose the network connection after completing step “ii.” below, and
if you have a DHCP client, you will get a new IP address after completing step “iii.”

i.  Select the Network Adaptor you just changed the MAC address.

ii.  Right click on the selected Network Adaptor and click “Disable.”
Verify the status column for this adaptor changes to “Disabled”

iii.  Right click on the selected Network Adaptor and click “Enable.”
Verify the status column for this adaptor changes to “Enabled”

iv.  If for any reason it cannot be disabled or re-enabled, you have to
reboot your system to make the changes effective.

II.  Reboot your Windows system.

k.  Once completing step j (if rebooting the system, wait until the reboot is completed), go to command prompt, type “ipconfig /all” to confirm the new MAC address.

Restore The TRUE Hardware burned-in MAC Address:

1. Remove the entry you added:

1. If you followed Method 1, then go back to the advanced properties window and remove the entry you add.

2. If you followed Method 2, then remove the “NetworkAddress” keyword you added in the registry.

1. Use step (j) above to activate the change you make.

2. Once rebooted, go to command prompt, type “ipconfig /all” to confirm the original MAC address.

If MAC Address changes does not work:

If for whatever reason the MAC address cannot be changed using method 2, make sure you restore the registry setting by following the “Restore The TRUE Hardware burned-in MAC Address” instruction above. If necessary, restore the registry you just backed-up to get your system back to the original state. You can do this by clicking on the drop-down menu “Registry->Restore,” and restore your backup registry file.

or use SMAC